Hospitals produce a massive amount of potentially dangerous waste. To enable early intervention and
optimal waste processing, efficient management of medical waste necessitates not only perfect segregation
but also real-time monitoring and alerting systems. This survey suggests an integrated approach that
combines Internet of Things (IoT) technology, image processing, embedded systems hardware, and deep
learning. The deep learning approach will be used to identify medical waste. The biomedical waste
management system is made up of several interconnected processes that perform a range of intricate tasks.
Deep learning (DL) has drawn more attention recently as a potential alternative to traditional
computational methods for solving a range of biomedical waste management issues. A great deal of
research has been published in this area as a consequence of researchers' focus, especially in recent years.
A few thorough surveys on garbage detection and segregation have been conducted, according to the
literature. Nevertheless, no research has looked at how deep learning and IOT may be used to address
waste management issues across a range of industries and emphasize the datasets that are available for
trash detection and classification across these industries. To improve the classification process' accuracy,
image processing techniques are applied once a deep learning model has been trained on a variety of
datasets.
Using deep learning and IoT to handle biomedical waste intelligently involves a holistic approach to
improve the effectiveness, safety, and adherence to waste management protocols in healthcare
environments. The first step in the deployment is to place Internet of Things-enabled sensors within
biomedical waste bins to continually monitor several characteristics including temperature, humidity,
and fill levels. Real-time data from these sensors is sent to a centralized system for examination. The
gathered data is subsequently processed using deep learning algorithms, which make use of past data to
forecast trends of trash creation. The system can estimate when trash bins will fill up thanks to this
predictive analysis, which allows it to adjust garbage collection routes and timetables appropriately.
Furthermore, facility managers may be informed of possible problems like increasing trash production
or irregular disposal practices by using deep learning models to detect abnormalities or departures from
typical waste generating patterns. Additionally, by utilizing IoT connection, the system may provide
remote trash disposal process monitoring and management, giving stakeholders important insights into
compliance metrics and waste creation patterns.
